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Sabtu, 30 Maret 2013

Sinopsis film Bhs. Inggris

Harry Potter And The Prisoner Of Azkaban

Harry Potter And The Prisoner Of Azkaban is the third adventure in Harry Potter at Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and. All the actors from the previous two films back role in this movie, except for the role given to Dumbledore Michael Gambon to replace Richard Harris who had died. Directed by Alfonso Cuarón, the film is darker than the previous two Harry Potter films.

After furious with Aunt Marge and inadvertently causing him to magically inflate, Harry Potter escape from the Dursleys. Harry took the Knight Bus to The Leaky Cauldron, where he meets Cornelius Fudge, Minister of Magic. Fudge informs Harry that Aunt Marge had been deflated, and that he would not be punished. The Ministry of Magic is only concerned about the safety of Harry since fleeing mass murderer Sirius Black from Azkaban prison magic. Black is a good friend of the family and carers Harry Potter, but betrayed the family to the evil Lord Voldemort. Voldemort killed Harry's parents, but, when he tried to kill Harry, mysteriously disappeared. After that, Black killed their friend Peter Pettigrew along with 12 observers Muggle.
 

Harry and his friends Ron Weasley and Hermione Granger return to Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry and find security has been tightened since Black escape. The reason now guarded by Dementors, dark, sinister beings that drain the happiness of the people closest to and guard Azkaban prison. They also cause fainting Harry. Remus Lupin, the new teacher of Defense Against the Dark Arts tells Harry he is more vulnerable to the Dementors because he has seen genuine horrors in his past. Lupin agrees to teach Harry the Patronus Charm, a shield against the Dementors.

Harry distressed to learn he would not be allowed to visit Hogsmeade, the local village most students are allowed to visit at the weekend. He was also angry with Draco Malfoy to destroy Hagrid's first lesson as Care of Magical Creatures teacher. Malfoy deliberately let himself be attacked by Buckbeak, Hagrid's pet Hippogriff, and his father ensures that Buckbeak sentenced to be executed by the end of the school year. Throughout the year, Hermione uses the Time-Turner to travel in time and attend classes held at the same time. Black managed to get into Hogwarts twice, but can not reach Harry. Fred and George Weasley show a secret path to Hogsmeade and give him the Marauder's Map to Harry.

 
During a visit to the village of Hogsmeade, Harry nearly caught when Ron found out that Scabbers, Ron's rat, has disappeared. Ron was sure he had been eaten by Crookshanks, Hermione's cat, which led to a dispute between him and Hermione. Hermione then find Scabbers in Hagrid's hut when the three of them visited him before Buckbeak's execution. On their way back from the cottage, Ron suddenly attacked by a large black dog and dragged into the hallway under the magic tree, the Whomping Willow.


Harry and Hermione follow them and find themselves in a year, rising above the hut known as the Shrieking Shack. They also found that the dog is Sirius Black's animagus. Harry tries to attack Black when Lupin arrives. Hermione confronts Lupin about habits she has observed during a class with him and admits Lupin into a werewolf. Lupin explains that he, Black, Pettigrew, and James Potter, Harry's father, was a good friend and refer to themselves as the "Marauders". To make the transformation more fun Lupin, his friends all became Animagi, humans who can turn into animals. The Marauders remained friends after growing up, and when they were chasing Potter against Voldemort, Black became their Secret-Keeper. However, Black then reveals that he secretly switch tasks with Pettigrew to serve as bait. Black realized Pettigrew was a traitor and, rather than be killed by Black, Pettigrew became Scabbers. 


Lupin and Sirius are trying to express themselves Pettigrew and Pettigrew changed from Scabbers and back to human form. He acknowledged that he betrayed Harry's parents, but Harry Black and Lupin stop attacking. Instead, Harry persuades them to take Pettigrew back to Hogwarts castle to clear the name Sirius. However, when they are, and they returned to the castle, the full moon appeared and Lupin transformed into a werewolf. Pettigrew escapes while the dementors come and attack Harry and Sirius. They survived at the last minute by the Patronus that Harry believed it was done by his father.

Harry woke up in a castle and knowing that Black had been arrested. To rescue her, Harry and Hermione use a Time-Turner (Reverse Time) to travel back to the past and to prevent his arrest. Harry and Hermione rescue Buckbeak and re-view the night scene, until they see the Dementors attack Harry and Sirius. Harry is determined to see who sent the Patronus, only to realize that it is her own. Harry save Sirius and Buckbeak escape. Lupin, who is known as a werewolf, resigned. Harry worried that Pettigrew may help Voldemort to return, but Dumbledore says Harry may be grateful that he has helped save lives Pettigrew.

Sabtu, 23 Maret 2013

Direct and Indirect Speech

DIRECT AND INDIRECT SPEECH

Direct and Indirect Speech, yang juga kita kenal dengan istilah lain yaitu Reported Speech. Direct Speect adalah kalimat yang diucapkan secara langsung oleh pembicara dan jika ditulis kalimat tersebut akan diberi tanda kutip. Sedangkan Indirect Speech adalah kalimat yang kita laporkan kepada orang lain secara tidak langsung dan tanpa diberi koma.  

How to change Direct to Indirect Speech?
It will be noticed that in Direct Speech, we use inverted commas to mark off the exact words of the speaker. In Indirect Speech we do not use the inverted commas.

It will be further noticed that in changing the above Direct Speech into Indirect speech, certain changes have been made.
Thus:
i. We have used the conjunction ‘that’ before the Indirect Statement.
ii. The pronoun “I” is changed to “HE”. (The Pronoun is changed in Person)
iii. The verb “am” is changed to “was”.
iv. The adverb “now” is changed to “then”.


Contoh:
Reporting verb: Tono says,
Reported words ”I’m very good at English”
Tense yang harus kita perhatikan dalam pola ini yaitu:
 

Direct Speech:
Simple Present Tense
Present Continuous Tense
Present Perfect Tense
Present Perfect Continuous Tense
Simple Past Tense
Simple Future Tense
Future Continouos Tense
Conditional
 

Indirect Speech:
Simple Past Tense
Past Continuous Tense
Past Perfect Tense
Past Perfect Continuous Tense
Past Perfect Tense
Past Future Tense/Conditional
Past Future Continuous Tense (Conditional Continuous)
Conditional
 

Kalau reported speech berhubungan dengan kebenaran umum atau fakta yang sudah menjadi kebiasaan, present indefinite atau simple present dalam reported speech tidak diubah ke dalam bentuk lampau yang sesuai, melainkan tetap persis sebagaimana adanya,  
Contoh :
He said, “The sun rises in the east” → He said that the sun rises in the east.
 

PERUBAHAN ADVERB OF TIME (KETERANGAN WAKTU) YANG PERLU DIPERHATIKAN: 
 Direct  :                                           Indirect :
Now                                         →        Then
Today                                       →        That day
Tonight                                     →        That night
This week                                 →        That week
Yesterday                                 →        The day before
The day before yesterday          →        Two days before
Last night                                  →        The night before
Last week/year                          →        The previous week/year
A year ago                                →        A year before/The previous year
Three years ago                         →        Three years before
Tomorrow                                 →        The next day/The following day
The day after tomorrow             →        In two day’s time/The following day
Next week/year                         →        The following week/year
On Sunday                                →        On Sunday
Here                                         →        There
This book                                  →        The book
This                                           →        That
These                                        →        Those
Over there                                →        Over there
*etc.  

PERUBAHAN-PERUBAHAN AUXILIARIES (KATA BANTU) YANG HARUS DIPERHATIKAN:
Can      →        Could
May     →        Might
Might  →        Might
Must    →        Would have to (kegiatan yang akan datang)/had to (keharusan yang biasa)
*etc.  

Contoh:
The man said, “I must mend the wall next week”
The man said that he would have to mend the wall the following week.
Pria itu mengatakan bahwa dia harus memperbaiki dinding minggu berikutnya.
The girl said, ” I must wash my hands before eating”
The girl said that she had to wash her hands before eating.
Gadis itu berkata bahwa dia harus mencuci tangannya sebelum makan.
*etc.
 

Direct and Indirect Speech ada 3 macam:
 

1. Statement (Pernyataan) yang menggunakan “that”
He said, “we will go to Singapore tomorrow”
He said that they would go to Singapore the next day.
Bob said, ” I’m a university student”
Bob said that he was a university student.
 

2. Command (Perintah) menambahkan kata “to” sebagai penghubung kalimat melaporkan dengan yang dilaporkan. “not to” dalam perintah negatif.
He told me, “wait for me !”
He told me to wait for him.
She told me, “don’t cheat anymore !”
She told me not to cheat anymore.
 

3. Question (Pertanyaan) jika kalimat dari jenis “yes or no question”, maka bentuk laporannya menggunakan if atau whether.
Ina asked me, “Do you really love me?”
Ina asked me if/whether I really loved her.
Mixed type: Contoh:
Anton asked me, “what’s happening to you ? You look so pale”
Anton asked me what was happening to me as I looked so pale.
Catatan: Past Tense kadang-kadang tidak berubah dalam percakapan.
 

EXAMPLE DIRECT AND INDIRECT SPEECH :
1.      D : She says to her friend, “ I have been reading “
I : She says to her friend that he has been reading
2.      D : He will say, “ The girl wasn’t ugly “
I : He will tell them that the girl wasn’t ugly
3.      D : Reza said, “ I’m very sleepy “
I : Reza said that he was very sleepy
4.      D : He has told you, “ I am writing “
I : He has told you that he is writing
5.      D : Clinton said, “I am very busy now.”
            I : Clinton said that he was very busy then.
6.      D : He said, “ my mother is writing letter.”
            I : He said that his mother was writing letter
7.      D : My friend said to me, “ I don’t like football “
            I : My friend said to me that he didn’t like football
8.      D : She said, “ I didn’t go to campus
            I : She said that she hadn’t gone to campus this morning
9.      D : Father asked robi, “ Don’t smoke too much “
             I : Father asked robi not to smoke too much
10.    D : Mother said to her son, “ study hard “
             I : Mother advised her son to study hard